physics abc about electric fields 01

Physics ABC - About Electric Fields 01

2021-12-18

Related Names and Concepts:

Matter: Matter is the substance and field that make up all the objects in the world. Matter has mass and space volume. Matter has three main states: solid, liquid, gas.

Particle: The small piece of matter. Molecule, Atom, Electron, Proton... all are called Particles.

Atom: An atom is the smallest unit of matter. Atom retains all of the chemical properties of an element. Atoms consist of 3 particles: Protons, Electrons and Neutrons.

Molecule => Atoms

Atom => Nucleus + Electrons (negatively charged)

Nucleus => Protons (positively charged) + Neutrons (no charge)

Sizes: Molecule > Atom > Electron > Proton > Neutron

Most atoms have the same number of protons and electrons.

Electric Current: (From Wikipedia) An electric current is a stream of charged particles, such as electrons or ions, moving through an electrical conductor or space.

Voltage: also known as potential difference or potential difference, is a physical quantity that measures the energy difference of a unit charge in an electrostatic field due to different potentials.

Resistance: The resistance of the conductor to the electric current.

Charge is the amount of electricity carried by a substance, atom, or electron. The unit is Coulomb (marked as C). There are Positive charge and Negative charge. The symbol q demotes the amount of charge.

Elementary charge is the smallest charge in nature. The charge of any charged body is an integral multiple of the elementary charge. The elementary charge is the charge of protons or electrons, that is e = 1.60 � 10 ^ (-19) C.

SI System: International System of Units

Several Charging Cases: By Friction, By Induced Charge Separation, By Contact.

Law of conservation of charge:

Electric charge can neither be created nor destroyed. It can only be transferred from one object to another, or from one part of the object to another. During the transfer, the total amount of charge remains unchanged. This conclusion is called the law of conservation of charge.

A system that has no charge exchange with the outside world, the algebraic sum of its charge remains unchanged

What can be transferred between two objects or between two parts of an object are electrons.

The essence of electrification is the separation or transfer of positive and negative charges in an object.

The essence of charge neutralization is the combination of positive and negative charges, but the total amount of charge remains unchanged during the process of separation, transfer, and combination.